HTML: In computing, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language designed for the creation of web pages and other information viewable in a browser. The focus of HTML is on the presentation of information - paragraphs, fonts, italics, tables, and so forth - rather than the semantics - what the words mean. Originally defined as a highly simplified subset of SGML, which is used by organizations with highly complex publishing requirements, HTML is now an international standard (ISO/IEC 15445:2000). The HTML specification is maintained mainly by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The initial versions of HTML were very tolerant of simple kinds of coding mistakes. The browser commonly made assumptions about intent, and proceeded with the rendering. Over time, the trend has been to create an increasingly strict language syntax. HTML 4.01 is the current version, although the W3C is moving toward replacing it with XHTML, which applies the exacting strictness of XML to the HTML world. HTML is a form of markup that is oriented toward the presentation of single-page text documents with specialized rendering software called an HTML user agent, the most common example of which is a web browser. HTML provides a means by which the document's main content can be annotated with various kinds of metadata and rendering hints. The rendering cues may range from minor text decorations, such as specifying that a certain word be underlined or that an image be inserted, to sophisticated scripts, imagemaps, and form definitions that control web browsers. The metadata may include information about the document's title and author, structural information such as an expression of how the content is segmented into paragraphs, lists, headings, arbitrary divisions, etc., and most importantly, information that allows the document to be linked to other documents. Although most HTML documents contain a main body of text, it is not uncommon to encounter minimal HTML documents that exist only to present visual media in a web browser. HTML is usually authored in a text editor and stored in a text file with a name usually ending in ".html" or ".htm". Such a file is typically created with the intent that it will be accessed over the World Wide Web, which uses the HTTP network protocol to transfer the files to requesting computers. A request for an HTML document is usually made by a web browser, and upon receipt, the document is rendered and presented to the user. However, HTML can also be transmitted in email messages and rendered by software for email reading, or processed by cellphones that have web browsing capabilities. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a structured document written in markup languages like HTML and XHTML. In addition, the language can be applied to any application of XML, e.g. SVG, XUL, etc.The CSS specifications are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)."; CSS is used by both authors and readers of web pages to define colors, fonts, layout, and other aspects of document presentation. It is designed primarily to enable the separation of document structure (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation (written in CSS). This separation provides a number of benefits, including improved content accessibility, greater flexibility and control in the specification of presentational characteristics, and reduced complexity of the structural content. CSS is also capable of controlling the document's style separately in alternative rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (when read out by a speech-based browser or screen reader) and on braille-based, tactile devices. CSS can be used with XML, to allow such structured documents also to be rendered with full stylistic control over layout, typography, colour, and so forth in any suitable user agent or web browser."; "PHP: PHP is a widely used open-source programming language primarily for server-side applications and developing dynamic web content, and more recently, other software. The name is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". (This is actually a retronym; see history.) Famous examples of PHP applications include phpBB and MediaWiki, the software behind Wikipedia. The PHP model can be seen as an alternative to Microsoft's ASP.NET/C#/VB.NET system, Macromedia's ColdFusion system, Sun Microsystems' JSP/Java system, and to the CGI/Perl system. PHP's ease of use and similarity with the most common structured programming languages - most notably C and Perl (and from version 5, Java) - allows most experienced programmers to start developing complex applications with a minimal learning curve. It also enables experienced developers to get involved with dynamic web content applications without having to learn a whole new set of functions and practices. One of the more attractive parts of PHP is that it is more than just a scripting language. Due to its modular design, PHP is also used to develop GUI applications (using PHP-GTK), and can be used from the command line just like Perl or Python. PHP allows interaction with a large number of relational database management systems, such as MySQL, Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL and SQLite while maintaining a simple and straightforward syntax. PHP runs on most major operating systems, including UNIX, Linux, Windows, and Mac OS X, and can interact with many major web servers. The official PHP website (http://www.php.net/) contains extensive documentation (http://www.php.net/manual/). The Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) architecture has become popular in the Web industry as a way of deploying inexpensive, reliable, scalable, secure web applications. (The 'P' in LAMP can also stand for Perl or Python.) PHP is the result of the collective efforts of many contributors. It is licensed under a BSD-style license, the PHP license. PHP, from version 4, has been powered by the Zend engine. MySQL: MySQL is a multithreaded, multi-user, SQL (Structured Query Language) relational database server (RDBMS). MySQL is available either under the GNU General Public License (GPL) or under other licenses when the GPL is inapplicable to the intended use. Unlike projects such as Apache, MySQL is owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB. The company develops and maintains the system, selling support and service contracts, as well as commercially-licensed copies of MySQL, and employing people all over the world who work together via the Internet. Two Swedes and a Finn founded MySQL AB: David Axmark, Allan Larsson and Michael "Monty" Widenius."; "MySQL is popular for web applications like Wikipedia and PHP-Nuke and acts as the database component of LAMP. The popularity as a web application is closely tied to the popularity of PHP, which is often combined with MySQL and nicknamed the Dynamic Duo. It is easy to find many references that combine the two from books (PHP and MySQL for Dummies, PHP and MySQL Bible, Beginning PHP and MySQL, etc.) to websites. The implication in many books is that MySQL is easier to learn and use than many other database applications. An example from the Dummies book is that you can quit MySQL with an obvious command of either exit or quit. phpCMS: phpCMS is a content management system, which convinces in particular by small system requirements, high performance and above all its flexibility. phpCMS is suitable for small private web pages and also for complex professional appearances and high traffic websites including the integration of webservices and external applications. Admitted - the flexibility of phpCMS makes the life not always easy for beginners - nevertheless for professionals, who rather want to create an unique website then clicking unflexible template blocks together, phpCMS gives all the freedom a webdesigner needs to support his creativity. This might be a reason, why even several webdesign companies are using phpCMS to create their own company website. And the best of all is: phpCMS is Open Source (licensed unter the GPL)and is free of any charges available - more cost-efficiently a CMS can not be. Quelle: phpCMS.de